Unit 4: Jacksonian Democracy and Manifest Destiny
 
UNIT 4 Study Guide.docUnit_4_files/UNIT%204%20Study%20Guide.docshapeimage_2_link_0
BIG PICTURE During the "Reign of Jackson," politics became more democratic, the power of the presidency increased, America became more optimistic and expansionistic, and sectionalism supplanted nationalism. UNIT READINGS Unit 4 Readings.pdf American Pageant Unit 4.pdf CLASS DEBATE Please go to this website. Follow the directions in the webquest. I will assign the groups. Remember, this activity will only be fun and worthwhile to our studies if you put the time and effort into it. That means you need to READ THE DOCUMENTS!! [** Be sure to email the opposition side and let them know what "evidence" you will be using, and provide them with copies, if necessary **]. ** For Impeachment Article #2, one of the articles does not function properly. Go to this site instead for the Andrew Jackson Letter to Martin Van Buren on Nullification Unit_4_files/Unit%204%20Readings.pdfUnit_4_files/American%20Pageant%20Unit%204.pdfhttp://www.historyteacher.net/AHAP/WebQuests/WQ-ImpeachJackson/WQ-ImpJackson-StudentMainPage.htmhttp://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2010/12/andrew-jackson-to-martin-van-buren-on.htmlhttp://civilwarnotebook.blogspot.com/2010/12/andrew-jackson-to-martin-van-buren-on.htmlshapeimage_3_link_0shapeimage_3_link_1shapeimage_3_link_2shapeimage_3_link_3shapeimage_3_link_4
PRIMARY DOCUMENTS Osullivan and Manifest Destiny.pdf Polk War Message to Congress.pdf OPTIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY READING did jackson's removal policy benefit native americans.pdf ANDREW JACKSON VIDEOS PBS DocumentaryVideo Clips YouTube Series of Video on Jackson (1 of 10 videos, follow the links) POWERPOINTS AUDIO LECTURE: Era of Good Feelings and Jacksonian Democracy AUDIO LECTURE: Westward Expansion (Texas, Oregon, Polk, Mexican War) AUDIO LECTURE: Democracy and the Common Man AUDIO LECTURE: The Nullification Crisis AUDIO LECTURE: The Bank of the United States AUDIO LECTURE: Indian Removal AUDIO LECTURE: Manifest Destiny CLASS POWERPOINT: Ch. 10 Age of Jackson.pdf CLASS POWERPOINT: Manifest Destiny & Mexican War (13).pptx WEB LINKS FOR JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY 1828 Noah Webster's Dictionary The Alexis de Tocqueville Tour America's First Look into the Camera:  Daguerreotype Portraits and Views (1839-1864) "The American Whig Party" - Hal Morris (essay) The Amistad Case - famous trials The Amistad Case (NARA) The Amistad Trials:  1939-1840 Analyzing 19c Immigration Cartoons - Prof. Roland Machand (UC Davis) - many docs.) Anna Tuthill Symmes Harrison (National First Ladies Library) Andrew Jackson (1) - PBS Series on the American Presidency Andrew Jackson (2) - POTUS site Andrew Jackson (3) - Miller Institute, University of Virginia "Andrew Jackson and the Bank War" - Tony D'Urso (essay) Andrew Jackson on the Web Ashland:  The Henry Clay Estate "A Brief History of Central Banking in the United States" - Edward Flaherty (essay) Chronology on the History of Slavery and Racism:  1830-end ClassicNote on Democracy in America "The Defeat of the Second Bank of the United States--Rationale and Effects" by Gareth Davis Democracy in America - Alexis de Tocqueville (C-SPAN) de Tocqueville's America: A Virtual Tour Differences Between the 1st. & 2nd. American Political Party Systems Early American Art Everyday Life in 1831 Exploring Amistad (Mystic Seaport) Fine Art & Paper Money in Jacksonian America Hanna Hoes Van Buren (National First Ladies Library) The Hayne-Webster Debate The Hermitage--Home of Andrew Jackson Historical Census Browser:   1830          1840 The Hudson River School (Artcyclopedia) - large links of artists & their works The Hudson River School:  Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Celebration of the American Landscape -- An Online Presentation for American Environmental History Hudson River School of Painting (1) Hudson River School of Painting (2) Index of Native American Resources on the Internet Jacksonian Miscellanies John Tyler - POTUS site John Tyler - Miller Institute, University of Virginia Julia Gardiner Tyler Letitia Christian Tyler (National First Ladies Library) "Let's Go America!" - European Travelers in the U. S. (1830-1840) Links to Digital Native American Resources Louisa Catherine Adams (National First Ladies Library) Map-->"Removal of the American Indian Map-->"The Trail of Tears" Martin Van Buren - POTUS site Martin Van Buren - Miller Institute, University of Virginia Mystic Seaport & Maritime Museum - Official Site National Road - Route 40 Native American History New Perspectives on the West (PBS) The Nineteenth Century in Print- Periodicals The Papers of President Andrew Jackson (Avalon Project) Presidential Election Results (map & stats) -- 1824    1828    1832    1836    1840    Rachel Donelson (Robards) Jackson (National First Ladies Library) Readings in Jacksonian America Rebellion: John Horse and the Black Seminoles, the first black rebels to beat American slavery The Removal of the Cherokee Nation - Prof. Roland Marchand (UC Davis) - many docs. A Timeline of American Indian Cultures The Trail of Tears The Trail of Tears Website William Henry Harrison - POTUS site William Henry Harrison - Miller Institute, University of Virginia Women in America:  1820-1842 "Young America" Art Treasures from the Smithsonian American Art Museum OTHER PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY 1823-1839:  Various documents on the removal of the Cherokee Nation      (additional documents) 1824:  “The Hunters of Kentucky” - A Popular Song Celebrates the Victory of Jackson and hisFrontier Fighters over the British 1825:  "Good Jackson Times. Farmers are doing well- of course every other man must do well" - broadside 1825:  "Jackson blasphemy. The following hymn to Jackson was sung and danced round the Hickory idols in the upper wards by the devotees of the man of blood and his catilines ... Hymn to the Immortal and Divine Jackson" - song lyrics / broadside 1825:  writings of Margaret Bayard Smith: As Mrs. Smith finished a letter written to Mrs. Boyd of New York, begun on February 11, 1825, she breathed a sigh of relief that the election of 1824 1827:  "Dreadful riot on Negro Hill! O read wid detention de melancholly tale and he send you yelling to your bed [Cut] Copy of an intercepted letter from Phillis, to her sister in the country, describing the riot on Negro Hill ... Boston" - broadside    (image) 1828:  "Murder will out !! Truth is mighty and shall prevail! Four years ago I charged General Andrew Jackson, in an address printed and published in Nashville, with various acts of cruelty and dishonesty when acting officially ... [Signed] Jesse Benton. City Hotel, Nashville, Oct. 13th, 1828. "We the people" .... Extra--Washington, October 28, 1828" - broadside 1829:  Daniel Webster Anticipates Jackson's Arrival in Washington, D.C. 1829:  Executive Order Regarding Military Pensions - Andrew Jackson 1829:  First Inaugural Address of Andrew Jackson 1829:  First State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1829:  Jackson Announces His Policy of Rotation in Office - speech 1829:  "Letter from Mrs. Barney to Gen. Jackson. Baltimore" (6/13) - broadside 1829:  Letter from Nicholas Biddle to Josiah Nichol (about govt. interference) 1829:  Margaret Bayard Smith Describes the Inaugural Celebration 1829:  "The Return of Rip Van Winkle" - painting by John Quidor 1829:  Several Newspaper Accounts of President Andrew Jackson's First Inauguration 1829-1838:  Various Documents on the Removal of the Cherokee Nation 1830:  Census Data for the Year 1830 1830:  Charles Finney Recalls his Days in Oneida County, New York 1830:  Cherokee Indian Removal Debate - U.S. Senate, April 15-17, 1830 1830:  Chicksaw Treaty 1830:  "The Georgia Gold Rush" - From the Niles' Weekly Register. XXXIX; 995 (10/9) 1830:  President Jackson Reports on Indian Removal - speech to Congress 1830:  Proclamation Regarding the Opening of United States Ports to British Vessels - Andrew Jackson 1830:  Jackson's Veto of the Maysville Road Bill 1830:  Letter from Nicholas Biddle to Samuel Smith about President Jackson's message of 1829 1830:  "Liberty & Union, Now & Forever, One & Inseparable" speech - Daniel Webster 1830:  Indian Removal Act 1830:  Memorial of the Cherokee Nation 1830:  The Second Reply to Hayne - Daniel Webster (1/26-27) 1830:  Second State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1830:  Webster-Hayne Debate on the nature of the Union 1830s:  “I Was a Very Apt Scholar in This Kind of Street Etiquette” - William Otter Brawls His Way Through NYC 1831:  Cherokee Nation v. Georgia 1831:  Democracy in America by de Tocqueville (full text) 1831:  Letter to Nicholas Biddle from Henry Clay - advises Biddle not to seek re-charter 1831:  "The Perilous Condition of the Republic" - The New-England Magazine / Volume 1, Issue 4, October 1831:  Third State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1831:  Journal Excerpts from de Tocqueville and Beaumont's Itinerary 1831:  de Tocqueville Appreciates American Political Participation (1831-1832) 1831:  de Tocqueville Witnesses American Religious Enthusiasm (1831-1832) 1831:  Treasury report giving praise to the National Bank 1832:  Andrew Jackson's "Proclamation to the People of SC on Nullification" 1832:  Andrew Jackson's Veto of the Bank Bill 1832:  Black Hawk Remembers Village Life Along the Mississippi 1832:  "Buffalo Bull-A Grand Pawnee Warrior" - painting by George Caitlin 1832:  Fourth State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1832:  Henry Clay's Speech on the Jackson Bank Veto 1832:  "Jackson and the Nullifiers" - song lyrics/broadside 1832:  Letter from Nicholas Biddle to Henry Clay on the effect of the Bank Veto and Biddle's faith in Henry Clay 1832:  Peter Osborne Speaks to a Crowd Celebrating American Independence, (7/5) 1832:  "President's message. December 4, 1832. Andrew Jackson" - Advertiser-Extra Louisville, Tuesday, 12/11 - broadside 1832:  Proclamation Regarding Nullification (Dec. 10) - Andrew Jackson 1832:  South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification 1832:  Treaty of Castor Hill, MO with the Kickapoo Indians (10/24) 1832:  Worcester v. Georgia 1833:  "Advice to Politicians" - Davy Crockett 1833:  Calhoun's Speech Against the Force Bill - Day 1 (2/15/1833) 1833:  Calhoun's Speech Against the Force Bill - Day 2 (2/16/1833) 1833:  Fifth State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1833:  Force Bill 1833:  James Madison to Daniel Webster - "Right to Revolution" - Writings 9:604-5 1833:  Letter from Andrew Jackson to Martin Van Buren discussing the nullification crisis (1/13) 1833:  Message to the Senate and House Regarding South Carolina's Nullification Ordinance (Jan. 16) - Andrew Jackson 1833:  Message to the Senate Regarding South Carolina's Nullification Ordinance (Jan. 22) - Andrew Jackson 1833:  Second Inaugural Address of Andrew Jackson 1834, 1840:  Henry Clay on Political Power 1834:  Letter by Davy Crockett on Andrew Jackson 1834:  Sixth State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1834:  "Statesmen - Their Rareness and Importance" - Daniel Webster - The New-EnglandMagazine Volume 7, Issue 2, August 1834 1835:  "The Activity of the Body Politic" -  from Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville 1835:  "Antimasonic address to the anti-masonic voters of Norfolk County and the ninth Congressional district of Massachusetts" - broadside 1835:  Foreign Conspiracy Against the Liberties of the United States - Samuel F. B. Morse 1835:  "The General Tendency of the Laws" -  from Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville 1835:  Grand Row at Tammany Hall, NY - Nile's Weekly Register 1835:  Nicholas Biddle - Commencement Address 1835:  Seventh State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1835:  Society, Manners, & Politics in America - Michel Chevalier 1835:  "The Sovereignty of the People" -  from Democracy in America by Alexis de Tocqueville 1835:  The Treaty of New Echota (12/29) 1836:  Cherokee Letter Protesting the Treaty of Etocha 1836:  Declaration of Rights adopted by the Equal Rights Party as their party platform - drawn up by Dr. Moses Jacques 1836:  Eighth State of the Union Address - President Jackson 1836:  “Our Hearts are Sickened” - Letter from Chief John Ross of the Cherokee, Georgia 1836:  "A Political Testament" - Andrew Jackson 1837:  "The Democratic Review:  An Introductory Statement of the Democratic Principle - J. L. O'Sullivan 1837:  Inaugural Address of Martin van Buren 1837:  Internal Improvements Act 1837:  Letter by John Quincy Adams on Mounting Sectional Antagonisms 1837:  "Slavery:  A Positive Good" - John C. Calhoun (2/6) 1837:  Society, Manners and Politics in the United States - Michel Chevalier 1837:  “Time Did Not Reconcile Me To My Chains” - Charles Ball’s Journey to SC 1837:  "View of the Capitol at Washington, 1837" - painting by William H. Bartlett, engraved byJoseph Bently 1838:  General Winfield Scott to the Cherokee Nation 1838:  The Perpetuation of Our Political Institutions:  Address Before the Young Men's Lyceum of Springfield, Illinois - Abraham Lincoln (one of his earliest known speeches) 1838:  “So Cheapened the White Man’s Labor” - White Artisans Contest the Labor of Black Workers 1839:  Constitution of the Cherokee Nation 1839:  "The Effects of Intemperancy" - drawing 1839:  Peleg Sprague Campaigns for William Henry Harrison 1840:  Ad for the Harrison "Log Cabin & Cider" Campaign 1840:  "Alas, Poor Henry Clay!" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 7, Issue 26, February 1840 1840:  Census Data for the Year 1840 1840:  Democratic Party platform 1840:  Horace Mann Reports to the Massachusetts Board of Education 1840:  Letter from James Buchanan on Party Competition and the Rise of the Whigs 1840:  Letters of John and Elizabeth Hodgdon 1840:  "Mr. Van Buren's Title to Re-Election" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 7, Issue April - May 1840 1840:  "Petitions of the Catholics of America" 1840:  Song of the 1840 Presidential Election Campaign 1840:  "Stop That Barrel" - political cartoon on the 1840 election 1840:  Tabitha Dreams of a Better Society - one of the Lowell Mill Girls 1840:  The "Tippecanoe & Tyler, Too" Campaign - Horace Greeley 1841:  Argument of John Quincy Adams Before the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of the United States, Appellants, vs. Cinque, and others, Africans, captured in the schooner Amistad, by Lieut. Gedney, Delivered on the 24th of February and 1st of March 1841 1841:  For the Cause of God and Man - John Quincy Adams against the slave trade, diary entry (3/29) 1841:  Inaugural Address of William Henry Harrison 1841:  "Look before you leap! Opinion of the Attorney General of the United States in relation to the deeply interesting subject in which the people of this state are now engaged. No state in the Union has a right to form and adopt Constitution containing any article or provision, conflicting with, or in contravention to the Constitution of the United States ... [1841?]" - broadside 1842:  "A Christmas Carol. The visit of Saint Nicholas" - written by Prof. C. C. Moore -broadside     image 1843:  Liberty Party platform of 1843 1844:  "Commercial Reciprocity and the American System" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 14, Issue 71, May 1844:  Democratic Party Platform          Whig Party Platform 1844:  "First and Second-Rate Men" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 15, Issue 74, August 1844:  Philadelphia Anti-Catholic Riots - Pennsylvania Freeman (7-18-1844) 1844:  "Review of Jackson's address to the Whigs of Rhode Island ... [Signed] Whig of the Old School broadside 1844-1860:  Presidential Voting by States: 1844-1860 Treaty of Wang Hya - excerpts 1845:  "The Cruise of the Dove" - a whaler's song 1845:  Eulogy on the Character of Andrew Jackson - Jefferson Davis (6/28) 1845:  "A Much-Needed Reform" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 16, Issue 82, April 1845 1845:  Knickerbocker First Baseball Rules (9/23) 1845:  "Political Patronage" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 17, Issue 87, September 1845 1845:  "The Result of the Election" - The American Whig Review / Volume 1, Issue 2, Feb 1845 1846:  "The Independent Treasury" - The American Whig Review / Volume 3, Issue 5, May 1846 1846:  "The War with Mexico" - The American Whig Review / Volume 3, Issue 6, June 1846 1846:  Whig cartoon - "Funeral Obsequies of Free Trade" 1847:  Independent Treasury Act 1847:  Poetry written by Abraham Lincoln about his early boyhood WEB LINKS FOR MANIFEST DESTINY 1846:  Portrait of a Nation Alamo "American Economic Growth--Moving South and Westward" - essay American Prophet--The Story of Joseph Smith (PBS) America's Wars--The Mexican-American War (PBS) American West- Empire Upon the Trails:  1806-1848 (PBS) "Anglo-American colonization in Texas" - Kjetil Ersdal (essay) Asian Treaties Augusta Canal "Ballad of Davy Crockett" - lyrics by Tom Blackburn (1950s) Biography of America:  Westward Expansion (1803-1861) - Annenberg/CPB California as I Saw It: First-Person Narratives, 1849-1900 Cheasapeake and Ohio Canal 1820 Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (National Park Site) Conner's Prairie Farm Coverlet Collection from the Frontier D & H Canal Historical Society (High Falls, NY) Deer Creek School in the Heart of Gold Country Descendants of the US-Mexican War Diaries, Narratives, and Letters of the Mountain Men Donner Online Donner Party (The American Experience PBS Series) Emigrant Diaries and Journals - The Oregon Territory and Its Pioneers (many docs.) Erie Canal:  A Journey Through History Erie Canal Home Page Early California History:  An Overview (LOC) Eliza McCardle Johnson (National First Ladies' Library) Facts About the West During 1846 Fifty Years in Oregon - from the diaries of T. T. Geer George Caleb Bingham: Artist of Missouri and the American Frontier George Catlin and His Indian Gallery Gold Fever (The American Experience PBS series) Gold Rush!  California's Untold Stories Gold Rush Fast Facts Gold Rush (PBS Series) Gold Rush Chronicles Historical Census Browser:   1820        1830        1840        1850        1860 A History of the Early American West - YouTube lectures by mini-documentary, historian Darren R. Reid (University of Edinburgh) History of the Erie Canal Hudson River Maritime Museum (Kingston, NY) Hudson River School (Artcyclopedia) - large links of artists & their works Hudson River School of Painting (1) Hudson River School of Painting (2) Images of the American West - many great photos Inland Navigation-Connecting the New Republic, 1790-1840 James K. Polk - POTUS site James K. Polk - Miller Institute, University of Virginia Julia Boggs Dent Grant Levi Strauss & Co. Heritage Lest We Forget--People of Color on America's Western Frontier Library of Western Fur Trade Historical Source Documents--Diaries, Narratives, and Letters of the Mountain "Manifest Destiny" - Michael T. Lubragge (essay) "Manifest Destiny: The Old v. The New" - chart Map-->"The Oregon Trail:  1843" (interactive) Margaret Mackall Smith Taylor (National First Ladies' Library) Mexican-American War - Documents The Mexican War and Slavery - political cartoons (lesson plan) Mormonism and the American Mainstream Mountain Men & the Fur Trade (American Northwest) Nineteenth Century in Print- Periodicals Northwest of the West- the Frontier Experience on the Northwest Coast Oregon Territory and It's Pioneers Oregon Trail Oregon Trail:  Across the Plains in 1843 Paintings and Photos of Manifest Destiny The Papers of President James K. Polk (Univ. of VA) Presidential Election Results (map & stats) -- 1844    1848    1852    1856    Robert Fulton (PBS) Sam Houston Memorial Museum San Francisco & the Gold Rush: 1840s-1850s Sarah Childress Polk (National First Ladies' Library) Secrets of a Master Builder--How James Eads Tamed the Mighty Mississippi (The American Experience PBS series) Spain, United States, & the American Frontier Stories from the Gold Rush Thomas Cole National Historic Site (including a Cole virtual gallery) Trail of Hope (The Story of the Mormon Trail) - PBS Trains of the American West Transcontinental Railroad Truimph and Tragedy- Women's Voices from the Oregon Trail The U. S.-Mexican War (PBS) Western Immigration Western Trails (many links) Westward by Sea- A Maritime Perspective on American Expansion, 1820-1890 (LOC) Wild! Wild! West! - huge site of weblinks Women of the West Zachary Taylor - POTUS site Zachary Taylor - Miller Institute, University of Virginia OTHER PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR MANIFEST DESTINY 1790-1860:  Table Showing Data On the Percentage of Urban Population, 1790 - 1860 1810:  Sell a Country! Why Not Sell the Air? - Tecumseh to General William Henry Harrison 1810:  Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa, the Shawnee Prophet, Speeches 1818:  Building of the Erie Canal - William H. Seward (1818-1825) 1823:  Captured By Indians- Mary Jemison Becomes an Indian 1823:  Johnson v. McIntosh 1823:  "The Morality of Manufactures" - Nile's Weekly Register 1823-1839:  Various documents on the removal of the Cherokee Nation     (additional documents) 1824:  Gottfried Duden - Letters - Frontier and Wilderness Life (1824-1825) 1824:  Mexican Colonization Law 1825:  Peter Skene Ogden's Journal of His Journey into Utah 1826:  Diet and Health of Frontier Women - Gottfried Dudden 1826:  The Expeditions of Jedediah Strong Smith 1826:  The Last of the Mohicans - James Fenimore Cooper 1827:  Elias Boudimott Proposes a Cherokee Newspaper 1827:  "View Near the Village of Catskill" - painting by Thomas Cole 1828:  Regulation for Colonization of Mexican Territories 1828:  Treaty With the Potawatami 1830:  "Niagara Falls" - painting by Thomas Cole 1831:  The Burlend Family Encounters America’s System for Populating the West, Pike Country, IL 1831:  Cherokee Nation v. Georgia 1832:  Autobiography of John Ball - Across the Plains to Oregon 1832:  Nathaniel Wyeth's Journals of His Expeditions into the OR Country (1832-1834) 1832:  Worcester v. Georgia 1833:  Life of Black Hawk 1834:  Letter by Davy Crockett on Andrew Jackson and Crockett's moving to Texas 1835:  The Canal Boat - Nathaniel Hawthorne Travels the Erie Canal 1835:  Declaration of the People of Texas (11/7) 1835:  "Nature's Wonderland" - painting by Thomas Doughty 1836:  “Everything Here is New But the Forests” - Englishman Thomas Woodcock Travels to Niagara on the Erie Canal 1836:  Land Speculation in the 1830s - William Leggitt 1836:  Memorial and Protest of the Cherokee Nation 1836:  Stephen Austin - address delivered at Louisville 1836:  Texas Declaration of Independence 1836:  Treaty of Velasco - between the U. S. and Mexico 1836:  William Travis' Letter From the Commandancy of the Alamo 1837:  Steps of Expansion - José María Tomel y Mendívil, "Relations Between Texas, The United States of America and the Mexican Republic," (Mexico) 1839:  "Manifest Destiny" - John L. O'Sullivan 1839:  Poster circulated in Philadelphia to discourage the coming of the railroad 1840:  An American View of Mexican California - Richard Henry Dana, Jr. 1840:  "Fenimore Cooper's Libels on America and Americans" - anonymous 1841:  The Deerslayer; or, The First Warpath . . . - James Fenimore Cooper 1842:  “A Foreigner in My Own Land” - Juan Nepomuceno Seguin Flees Texas 1842:  Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1843:  Democracy and Liberty - Orestes Brownson 1844:  Across the Plains in 1844 - from the journals of Catherine Sager Pringle 1844:  Democratic Party Platform          Whig Party Platform 1844:  George Caitlin's North American Indian Portfolio 1844:  "Martyrdom of Joseph & Hiram Smith in Carthage Jail" - lithograph 1844:  "Mr. Van Buren" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 15, Issue 73, July 1844 1844:  "Native Americanism" -The Tribune. v. 4. n. 186 (11/11) 1844:  "The Re-Annexation of Texas, in its Influence on the Duration of Slavery" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 15, Issue 73, July 1844 1845:  "American Enterprise in Steam Navigation" - The American Whig Review / Volume 2, Issue 1,  July 1845 1845:  Congressional Resolution for Texas Annexation 1845:  Daily Wage Rates on the Erie Canal, 1845-1870 - statistical chart 1845:  "The Great Nation of Futurity" - John L. O'Sullivan 1845:  Inaugural Address of James K. Polk 1845:  "Mr. Clay - The Texas Question" - The American Whig Review / Volume 1, Issue 1, Jan 1845 1845:  "The Oregon Question" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 16, Issue 84, June 1845 1845:  "The Tariff Question" - The American Whig Review / Volume 2, Issue 2, August 1845 1845:  Resolution Annexing Texas to the United States (3/1) 1845:  "Territorial Aggrandizement" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 17, Issue 88, October 1845:  Treaty for the Annexation of Texas (March 1, 1845) 1845:  "The Whig Party, Its Position, and Duties" - The American Whig Review / Volume 2, Issue 6, December 1845:  "Will There Be War with Mexico?" - The American Whig Review / Volume 2, Issue 3, September 1845 1846:  "Administration of Indian Affairs" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 18, Issue 95, May 1846:  "Boatmen on the Missouri" - painting by George Caleb 1846:  “A Hungery Savage Look which was Truly Fearful” - Samuel Chamberlain’s Recollections ofthe Mexican War 1846:  The Mexican War & Slavery - political cartoons (1846-1848) 1846:  “More Like A Pig Than a Bear ”- Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo Is Taken Prisoner During the Bear Flag Revolt 1846:  "The Oregon Question: War and Peace" - The American Whig Review / Volume 3, Issue 2, February 1846 1846:  The Oregon Treaty  1846:  "The Oregon Treaty" - The American Whig Review / Volume 4, Issue 2, August 1846:  President Polk's War Message 1846:  "Table of the new rates of toll on the Erie canal, as established by the canal board, and in effect on said canal" - broadside 1846:  Wilmot Proviso 1847:  "Against the Mexican War" - Thomas Corwin 1847:  David Wilmot Argues for a Free California 1847:  The Donner Party's Log Entries (Jan., 1847) 1847:  Elizabeth Dixon Smith Geer, pioneer journal (1847-1850) - full journal entries 1847:  “For Oregon!” - Settlers From Illinois Describe the New Territory 1847:  Mexican War - assorted doc. (PBS)  1847:  "The Mexican War - Its Origin and Conduct" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 20, Issue 106, April 1847:  "Sam Houston and his Republic" - The American Whig Review / Volume 5, Issue 6, Jun 1847 1847:  "Mr. Slidell's Mission to Mexico" - The American Whig Review / Volume 5, Issue 4, Apr 1847 1847:  "The President's Message: The War" - The American Whig Review / Volume 5, Issue 1, Jan 1847 1847:  "The Whigs and the War" - The American Whig Review / Volume 6, Issue 4, Oct 1847 1848:  "The Administration: its Treatment of General Scott" - The American Whig Review / Volume 7 Issue 6, June 1848 1848:  Democratic Party Platform          Whig Party Platform 1848:  "The Leg I Left Behind Me" - song on the Mexican War 1848:  Letter by Abraham Lincoln on the Mexican War 1848:  "The Mexican War - Its Origin, its Justice and its Consequences" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 22, Issue 115, Jan 1848 1848:  "Necessity of Party - The Press - The Locofoco Platform" - The American Whig Review  Volume 8, Issue 1, July 1848 1848:  "The Nomination: General Taylor" - The American Whig Review / Volume 8, Issue 1, July 1848 1848:  "The Peaceable Kingdom" - painting by Edward Hicks 1848:  Present at the Beginning of the Gold Rush - Journalist Edward Gould Buffum Pans Gold in California 1848:  “A Rush to the Gold Washings,” from the California Star 1848:  "Calhoun's Speech against the Conquest of Mexico" - The American Whig Review / Volume 7, Issue , Mar 1848 1848:  "The President and his Administration" - The American Whig Review / Volume 7, Issue 5, May 1848 1848:  "To the West!" song lyrics 1848:  Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848:  "The War: The New Issue" - The American Whig Review / Volume 7, Issue 2, Feb 1848 1848:  "The Whigs and their Candidate" - The American Whig Review / Volume 8, Issue 3, Sept 1848 1848:  William Porter's Oregon Trail Diary 1849:  Adventures of an Overland Journey to California - Alonzo Delano 1849:  "Californian Gold" - The United States Democratic Review / Volume 24, Issue 127, January 1849 1849:  The Constitution of the State of Deseret - the Mormons (7/18) 1849:  "The Days of '49" - song about the CA Gold Rush (MP3 file) 1849:  From the Diary of Alvin Coffey, African American 49er  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